Computer Basics Devices, Data, Storage, and Internet Concepts Practice Test

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• What is telemetry data in the context of devices, and why is it collected?
• Data storage capacity typically measured in, and units in ascending order?
• Which computer component is described as the electronic storage component that holds data waiting to be used?
• Which statement about checksums is true?
• What are the privacy implications of cookies and how can you manage them?
• How does RAM differ from storage drives in terms of speed, volatility, and purpose?
• Which sequence lists data size units in ascending order from smallest to largest?
• Name a best practice to protect against online phishing attacks.
• Which device is commonly used to output data from a computer?
• What is Application Software?
• Which term describes cloud storage?
• A file is 1,000,000 bytes. Using decimal megabytes (1 MB = 1,000,000 bytes), how many MB is the file?
• In online gaming, latency sensitivity is affected most by which network metric?
• RAM stands for which of the following?
• Which statement best differentiates a VPN from a proxy?
• If a network connection advertises 100 Mbps, what is the maximum theoretical data transfer rate in MB/s?
• Convert 1,024 kilobytes to megabytes.
• Break down the components of a URL and explain what each part means.
• Hexadecimal notation is commonly used in computing for what purpose?
• What are the main differences between SSDs and HDDs in speed, durability, and power usage?
• Which statement defines a Rootkit?
• What are two common cloud service models, and what does each provide?
• Which backup type backs up changes since the last full backup?
• Memory hierarchy from fastest to slowest, with examples.
• Which protocol is used to securely transfer web pages?
• In a typical home network, which statement best describes the difference between a router and a switch?
• In binary arithmetic, what is 1111 (binary) plus 0001 (binary) in binary and decimal?
• What is cloud storage and name one advantage and one potential drawback?
• What is the software that supports a computer's basic functions, such as scheduling tasks, executing applications, and controlling peripherals?
• Name two common network topologies and one scenario where each is suitable.
• Which option describes the typical use of browser cookies?
• Which statement best defines a peripheral device?
• What is the difference between a file extension and a MIME type?
• What is ASCII, and how does it differ from Unicode?
• What is the purpose of a web browser's cache?
• ROM stands for which of the following?
• Why is it important to keep software up to date, and what is a typical consequence of not doing so?
• Which component of a URL is optional?
• Which type of software is responsible for the general operation of a computer system, including hardware operation, running applications, and file management?
• Which numeral system is commonly used for machine-level data representation?
• Convert the binary 1101 to decimal.
• Cloud storage is best described as?
• Which storage medium is typically used for archival backups?
• Which statement about IP addresses and IPv4 vs IPv6 is accurate?
• What does NVMe mean, and why is it faster than SATA for solid-state drives?
• What is a browser cookie, and what is its typical use?
• Which RAID level uses double parity to provide fault tolerance against two simultaneous disk failures?
• Which backup strategy copies all data at regular intervals, and when is it appropriate?
• What is a VPN and what is one benefit and one risk of using one?
• What differentiates primary storage from secondary storage?
• What is data privacy, and name one practice to protect it online.
• Which backup strategy copies only changes since the last backup, and what are its trade-offs?
• Which device is commonly used to provide audio output?
• Which of the following is NOT an output device?
• What is WLAN?
• What is the browser cache and why is it used?
• Which term describes a collection of computers and devices connected together via communications devices and transmission media?
• Which statement is true about IP addressing differences between IPv4 and IPv6?
• What is a file system, and which three are common on Windows, Linux, and macOS?
• What is the difference between private IP addresses and public IP addresses?
• Which term describes a regional or national access provider?
• Which program is used to view and navigate web pages?
• What is NAT in networking and why is it used?
• What does BIOS/UEFI firmware provide during the boot process?
• Which statement best describes a very small computing device usually based on a wireless phone or pager?
• What is RAID, and why is it used?
• Which statement best describes the difference between hot backups and cold backups?
• What is the most widely used communication device, which is now built in to run Wi‑Fi and communicate widely?
• Which term describes external components such as the mouse and keyboard?
• Which statement about lossless data compression is NOT true?
• Removable hard disk drive is defined as?
• ASCII encoding characteristics: which statement is accurate?
• If a computer lacks proper device drivers, what is the likely impact on hardware?
• What is a type of optical disc able to store large amounts of data, especially high-resolution?
• Which term best describes non-volatile storage devices designed for long-term data retention?
• What is a computer?
• What best defines a USB Flash Drive?
• Which software category includes programs such as Word or Excel?
• Which item is an input device?
• What does a megabyte represent?
• Name a Windows file system and a Linux file system, and identify a key difference between them.
• What is a CD-ROM?
• APFS is the native file system for which operating system?
• What is a domain name?
• What is a firewall and how does it contribute to network security?
• Which statement defines the motherboard?
• What is the key trade-off between HDDs and SSDs?
• What term means a collection of data?
• What is cloud storage, and what are its typical advantages and disadvantages?
• Which program is used to access and view content on the Internet?
• Which RAID level provides striping with parity across multiple disks for fault tolerance and improved performance?
• What is wear leveling in SSDs?
• Which statement best describes a notebook computer?
• A gigabyte is defined as how many bytes?
• Which term refers to the collection of Text, Pictures, Sound, Videos, Characters, Words, and Numbers?
• What do TLS and SSL provide for data in transit?
• What is the primary purpose of a virtual private network (VPN)?
• Which term describes a network provider that offers access to networks across a region or nation?
• Which cloud service model delivers software applications over the internet?
• What is the purpose of the Domain Name System (DNS) in the internet?
• Which two basic security practices should users follow when using internet-connected computers?
• Which statement correctly describes data backup strategies?
• Which of the following is a correct IPv6 address example?
• What is a desktop computer?
• Which value correctly represents the maximum theoretical MB/s for a 1 Gbps connection?
• Which term refers to a worldwide collection of networks that links millions of people and businesses?
• What describes Malware?
• Which part of a URL indicates how the resource should be transferred over the network?
• Which statement about memory is true and commonly tested in basic computer basics?
• Which statement best describes a touchscreen?
• Why are software updates important for security?
• What is USB and why is a common reason for increasing USB versions (e.g., USB 3.x vs USB 2.0)?
• End users are best described as which of the following?
• In a URL, which value is a common scheme?
• Which prefixes denote binary-based data units, such as kibibyte and mebibyte?
• What does the scheme component in a URL specify?
• Which statement defines a Worm?
• Which set correctly lists the major parts of a URL?
• What is symmetric encryption, and how does it differ from asymmetric encryption?
• What does RAID stand for?
• Which of the following is a common portable device?
• What is NVMe and why is it significant for storage performance?
• Which device is a hard disk that you insert and remove from a drive?
• What are small files attached to your computer to help interact with websites?
• Which statement defines the processor?
• What is an access provider?
• What is data compression and name a lossless compression example.
• Which statement describes a potential drawback of browser caching?
• What are the components of a URL?
• Which entity provides customers with access to the Internet?
• Which component enables communication between the CPU, memory, storage, and expansion cards?
• Which statement correctly matches a file system to its most common operating system?
• What are Wi-Fi 5 (802.11ac) and Wi-Fi 6 (802.11ax), and what is a key improvement of Wi-Fi 6?
• RAM vs ROM: which statement is correct about volatility and usage?
• What is metadata, and why is it important?
• What is the difference between volatile memory and non-volatile memory?
• What is a peripheral device, and which are typical input and output devices?
• How many bytes are in a gigabyte (decimal) and in a gibibyte (binary), and what are their values?
• Which description defines a Trojan Horse Virus?
• What is TLS and why is it important for secure communications?
• Which component executes instructions and manages data processing?
• What is the primary role of the CPU in a computer system?
• Which of the following is a type of storage disc that can store large amounts of data?
• What is the key difference between a cookie and a local storage item in a browser?
• Which type of storage remains external to the CPU and retains data even when the PC is turned off?
• What is a domain name, and why is it easier for humans to remember than an IP address?
• Which statement describes NTFS versus ext4?
• Data loss prevention (DLP) is best described as what, and give one example.
• Which statement best describes phishing and includes two common indicators?
• Which software protects a computer against viruses by identifying and removing any computer viruses found in memory, on storage media, or on incoming files?
• Which statement correctly contrasts RAM with a hard disk?
• Notebook Computers are described as
• Which statement BEST describes the difference between HTTP and HTTPS?
• Which of the following describes input devices?
• Which action reduces data sharing with apps and websites?
• What does DHCP do on a network?
• Convert 2,048 kilobytes to megabytes.
• Which device plugs into a USB port and acts as portable memory?
• Which storage type is non-volatile and persists when the computer is powered off?
• What are cookies used for in a web browser?
• What is DNS, and what is its primary role?
• A terabyte is equal to which of the following?
• What is RAID and what is one benefit and one drawback of RAID 1 mirroring?
• What is the basic role of a firewall in a network?
• Which statement correctly describes the purpose of a MIME type?
• What is the primary role of the Domain Name System (DNS)?
• Which term describes devices that enable the computer to give the user the results of the processed data?
• Which of the following correctly distinguishes a domain name from a URL?
• In a typical operating system, what is the purpose of file permissions and what are the three basic permission types?
• What are the three primary components of a CPU and what does each do?
• What is a byte, and how many bits make up a byte?
• Why are domain names easier to remember than IP addresses?
• Which statement best describes the purpose of RAM?
• What does it mean to be online?
• Which term describes a business that provides access to the Internet for a fee or for free?
• What is hexadecimal notation commonly used for in computing, and what is the decimal value of 0x1A?
• Which description defines an external hard disk?
• Proxy servers primarily provide which service?
• Which storage medium stores about 46 hours of standard video?
• What is the function of a motherboard in a computer?
• Which of the following best describes the role of the operating system in a computer system?
• In web browsing, what are the roles of the browser cache and cookies?
• What is the difference between HTTP and HTTPS?
• What is the difference between ASCII and Unicode encoding?
• Which statement correctly describes data unit prefixes used in networking and storage?
• What is the difference between lossless and lossy audio compression?
• In a typical computer, what is the correct sequence from power-on to the operating system load?
• Which statement defines a Virus?
• Which option correctly lists the size of a gibibyte in bytes?
• Which type of encryption protects data at rest?
• Which statement about a Local Area Network (LAN) is true?
• What is the difference between lossless compression and lossy compression?
• What is the purpose of device drivers, and why are they important for hardware components?
• Which cloud service model primarily provides virtualized computing resources?
• Which component is primarily used for temporary storage during program execution?
• What is the purpose of binary encoding in computers?
• Which device is commonly used to input data into a computer?
• Which term describes external physical components of the computer, such as input and output devices?
• A terabyte is defined as how many bytes?
• What does a gigabyte represent?
• What does LAN stand for?
• What is the World Wide Web?
• What is data integrity, and what is a checksum used for?
• Which of the following best describes the purpose of the control unit in a computer?
• Which component directly directs and controls the operations of a computer?
• How do bandwidth and latency differ in how they affect network performance?
• Which device is described as being commonly used to enable Wi‑Fi connectivity and is now built into devices to provide access?
• What is a hard disk?
• During the boot process, which component loads the operating system after hardware initialization?
• Why is HTTPS preferred over HTTP for secure communication?
• Which memory is typically volatile and loses data when power is removed?
• What best describes the difference between a proxy server and a VPN?
• Which storage technology uses the PCIe interface to deliver high-speed data transfer for SSDs?
• Which of the following pairs correctly distinguishes hardware from software with appropriate examples?
• What is a DNS A record and what does it map?
• A kilobyte is defined as how many bytes?
• Which term refers to the central processing unit?
• What is e-commerce?
• Blu-ray discs can store about how much data?
• What does NAT do in a home or small network?
• Name two input devices and two output devices, and give a typical primary use for each.
• Which software program can you use to find Web sites, Web pages, and Internet files?
• Two-factor authentication adds what to the login process?
• What is a certificate authority (CA) and what is its role in HTTPS?
• What is the main memory?
• Which program accesses and displays files and data on the Internet?
• Which memory is Read-Only Memory?
• Which component performs arithmetic/mathematical and logical operations?
• Which memory type stores data temporarily for quick access?
• Which of the following indicates a secure website?
• Which software is used to locate Web pages and Internet files?
• Name two major operating systems and one distinguishing feature of each.
• What term describes a network that covers a large geographic area and uses multiple communication media?
• Which option best describes a wireless network that uses wireless connections for some transmissions?
• Which list represents common Wi‑Fi standards and their impact on performance?
• What is a bit and a byte, and how many bits are in a byte?
• A megabyte is defined as which of the following?